MATERIAL NATURE | GOODNESS/SATVA | PASSION/RAJAS | IGNORANCE/TAMA |
BASIC NATURE | Illuminates the mind and intelligence, sense of happiness and knowledge. | Unlimited desires, longings, selfish actions, deep attachment, intense endeavor, hankering. | Delusion, madness, indolence and sleep |
RESULT OF ACTION | Pure | Misery | Foolishness |
DEVELOPMENT OF MIND | Knowledge develops. | Greed develops. | Foolishness, madness and illusion develops. |
NATURE OF KNOWLEDGE | Knowledge to see the undivided spiritual nature in all living entities, even though seemingly divided by bodily differences. | Knowledge to see the body to be the self and different types of bodies as the self and differentiate accordingly. | knowledge by which one is attached to work only as the all in all without knowledge of the true self or Supreme truth. |
NATURE OF ACTION | Action in a regulated fashion without attachment to selfish results, love or hate. | Action performed with great effort to gratify one’s desires out of ego and pride. | Action disregarding scriptures, without concern for future results. Causes violence and distress to others. |
NATURE OF WORK/DUTIES | Work with determination and enthusiasm unwavering in success or failure. Free from ego, pride. | Work with attachment to work, and fruit of work desiring to enjoy the fruits. Greedy, envious, impure and disturbed by joy and sorrow (resulting from success and failure). | Work against the injunctions of the scripture. Materialistic, obstinate, cheating, expert in criticizing others, lazy, always morose and procrastinating. |
NATURE OF INTELLIGENCE | Intelligence to discriminate what is to be done/not done, what is to be feared/not feared, what is binding/liberating. | Intelligence to discriminate dharma and adharma, what is to be done and not be done. | Intelligence to consider religion to be irreligion and irreligion to be religion. Always in illusion and darkness and strives in the wrong direction. |
NATURE OF DETERMINATION | Determination to be steady by sustained practice, controls the mind, and senses through meditation and yoga. | Determination which attaches one to selfish results in religion, economic development and sense gratification. | Determination that cannot go beyond dreaming, fearfulness, lamentation, moroseness and illusion. |
NATURE OF HAPPINESS | Like poison in the beginning but like nectar at the end. | Derived from contact of the senses including the mind. Feels like nectar in the beginning but poison at the end. | Blind to self-realization, delusional from beginning to end. Arises from sleep, laziness and illusion. |
FOOD | Increase the duration of life, purify one’s existence, gives strength, health, happiness, and satisfaction. Food is juicy, fatty, wholesome, and pleasing to the heart. | Too bitter, too sour, salty, hot, pungent, dry and burning causing distress, misery and disease. | Food prepared more than three hours before being eaten, tasteless, decomposed and putrid, and food consisting of remnants and untouchable things. |
YAJNA or SACRFICE | Performed according to the directions of scripture, as a matter of duty, desire for no reward. | Performed for some material benefit, or pride. | Performed without regard to scriptures, no distribution of prasādam [spiritual food], no chanting of Vedic hymns and no remunerations to the priests, and with no faith. |
BODY,SPEECH and MIND | Using body, speech and mind not for material benefits but only for the sake of pleasing the Supreme. | Using body, speech and mind out of pride and for the sake of gaining respect, honor and worship. It is neither stable nor permanent. | Using body, speech and mind out of foolishness, with self-torture or to destroy or injure others. |
WORSHIP/FAITH | Worship demigods | Worship demons | Worships ghosts and spirits |
CHARITY | Given out of duty, without expectation of return, at the proper time and place, and to a worthy person. | Given with the expectation of some return, or with a desire for selfish results, or in a grudging mood. | Given at an impure place, improper time, to unworthy persons, or without proper attention and respect. |
AT DEATH | Born again in higher planets. | Born again in earthly realm (born in a family where selfish actions are predominant). | Born again in animal kingdom. |